28 Chapter 2 Figure 1. Study population Results on the national level The greatest variation was found for the type of pain medication and whether a paediatrician was involved within 24 hours after birth, followed by variation in augmentation after a spontaneous onset of labour. Less variation was found for induction of labour and prelabour CSs, and least for instrumental vaginal births and intrapartum CSs (figures 2-7). Similar variation in intervention rates was found for births in midwife-led care compared to those in obstetrician-led care at the onset of labour in the same region (table 5). The adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes were not lower in regions with higher intervention rates (table 8).
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