228 Chapter 8 Integrating technological innovations in nursing care Although technological innovations are rapidly developing, their implementation in healthcare is lagging behind [23-25]. Applying implementation science principles to integrate technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in nursing may improve the rate of innovations that actually reach successful implementation in practice. Previous studies have identified several challenges in integrating technology in nursing. These include lack of rigorous data sources, difficulty identifying meaningful content, unclear design, and poor integration with other hospital systems [26]. Furthermore, a qualitative study by Groeneveld, den Ouden [27] revealed that a number of nurses, particularly those who were approaching retirement, were reluctant to learn how to work with technological innovations. Van de Sande, Van Genderen [28] reported that only 2% of AI-based innovations developed for intensive care units reach the point of clinical use. These findings illustrate that technology and AI are not magic bullets for automatically improving care quality upon introduction. When integrating AI into healthcare, some may expect it to replace tasks [24]. However, I believe AI should serve as a supporting tool rather than a replacement. For example, think of howe we use Google Maps. Most of us trust it to getting us where we want to go, even when we already know the route. We rely on it to redirect us in case of traffic or unexpected roadwork. If we feel the directions or rerouting suggestions are incorrect, we can take control and adjust the route ourselves. I envision using technology in healthcare in a similar way – guiding us, such as in preventing pressure ulcers. For most patients, we will either have assessed the risk of pressure ulcers through clinical reasoning or relying on the risk prediction provided by the AI-tool. Risk predictions from tools like DRAAI can provide reassurance, much like Google Maps does on the route home from work. While you know the route, it is always comforting to receive confirmation that it matches your expectations. Similarly, with pressure ulcer risk predictions, it is reassuring when they align with the clinical reasoning of the nurses. Additionally, being aware of potential issues along the way, receiving updates on the risk predictions becomes valuable. In this thesis, we identified several factors that may have contributed to integrating technology in clinical practice. These factors included: • Adapting implementation strategies and the innovation itself upon nurses’ suggestions to improve acceptability and feasibility (Chapter 5) • Clarifying what the outcome of the innovation means, in our case clarifying the difference between PU risk and PU detection. (Chapter 5)
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