201 Inns and outs of intravenous fluids 7 Ringers solution, dextrose 5%), fluid rate (in ml/hour), duration of administration, and the nurses’ and prescribers' open text fields. Laboratory results concerning kidney function and electrolyte levels were collected as well. ‘Keep-the-vein-open’ was defined as continuous intravenous fluid therapy administered at a rate up to 30 ml/hour [9]. Figure 1 Structure of the chart review checklist: Indicating which data was collected from which section of the electronic patient file. Data collection The questionnaire was conducted using LimeSurvey LimeSurvey GmbH [23]. Participation was anonymous, and could be performed on all devices with internet connection. All questions were mandatory, and participants who did not complete all questions were excluded from the study. For the chart reviews, the first author trained the baccalaureate nursing students in data collection process during a one-hour video-call. All hospitals used the same electronic patient file software (Chipsoft®), which ensured a structured data collection process. Data Analysis Participant characteristics and multiple-choice questions were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Differences in responses between groups for each knowledge question were assessed with the chi-square test or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Some knowledge questions had open-ended answers, which were categorized and rated for relevance by two researchers (DS and MvdZ). Quotes were selected to complement the results from the questionnaire.
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