2 19 Implementation strategies used to implement nursing guidelines in daily practice Conclusions A wide variety of implementation strategies are used to implement nursing guidelines. Not one single strategy, or combination of strategies, can be linked directly to successful implementation of nursing guidelines. Overall, thirty-six studies (68%) reported a positive significant effect of the implementation of guidelines on patient-related nursing outcomes or guideline adherence. Future studies should use a standardized reporting checklist to ensure a detailed description of the used implementation strategies to increase reproducibility and understanding of outcomes. Keywords Systematic review, Nursing, Guideline adherence, Implementation science, Nursing guidelines, Implementation strategies What is already known about the topic? • Effective implementation strategies are required to successfully introduce the increasing number of available (inter)national nursing guidelines. • Publishing or disseminating a nursing guideline does not ensure its effective use in practice. What this paper adds • Besides education, a wide range of implementation strategies are used to implement nursing guidelines into daily practice. • The level of evidence for strategies directed at implementing nursing guidelines is limited due to a lack of well-conducted studies. • Future studies should use a standardized reporting checklist to ensure a detailed description of the used implementation strategies to increase reproducibility and understanding of outcomes. Funding The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) funded this study; with the Grant No. 516004017. The sponsor had no role in collection, analysis and interpretation of data, and had no role in writing the report, and in the decision to submit this article for publication.
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