182 Chapter 6 Author (y) Type of lowvalue care Single or multifaceted intervention strategy Interventions from the EPOC taxonomy EAFPCCQHLMMPOSTTI Huizing et al. 2009 [44] Restraint use Multifaceted X Koczy et al. 2011 [46] Restraint use Multifaceted X X X Kopke et al. 2012 [47] Restraint use Multifaceted X Kwok et al. 2005 [48] Restraint use Multifaceted X X Lai et al. 2011 [49] Restraint use Multifaceted X X Pellfolk et al. 2010 [50] Restraint use Multifaceted X Testad et al. 2010 [51] Restraint use Multifaceted X Testad et al. 2016 [52] Restraint use Multifaceted X Intervention strategies are classified using the EPOC Taxonomy [21]: E= Education (meetings, materials, games and outreach visits), AF = Audit and Feedback, P= Packages of Care, C= Clinical guidelines, CQ = Continuous quality improvement, H = Health information system, L = Local consensus processes, M = Monitoring, MP = Monitoring the performance of the delivery of healthcare, O = Organisational culture S = Sensory modalities for patients, T = Team and TI = Tailored interventions. *No statistical testing. Abbreviations: DMP model - Diamond-Mortensen-Pissa
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