62 Chapter 4 odds ratios (OR) or mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated, since three or more studies described these outcome measurements. Due to heterogeneity, meta-analysis was not feasible for the prognostic data. R Statistics (version 4.0.3) was used for analyses. RESULTS Search results Through initial search 2,398 records were identified. After removal of duplicates, 1,213 potentially relevant citations were screened on title and abstract. Hereafter, full text evaluation of 191 articles was performed, identifying 74 original. After exclusion of studies with overlapping study populations, 21 articles remained. Three additional articles were included after forward and backward citation chasing. One more recently published study was included after the search update in February 2022, resulting in 25 included studies (Figure 1).8–32 The selected studies are summarized in Table 1. Records identified through database searching (n = 2398) Records removed before screening: Duplicate records removed (n = 1185) Records screened (n = 1213) Records excluded (n = 1016) Articles sought for retrieval (n = 197) Articles not retrieved (n = 6) Articles assessed for eligibility (n = 191) Articles excluded: Only abstract available (n = 79) Different outcome (n = 19) Different study population (n = 18) Different language (n = 4) Articles included in review (n = 74) Included studies (n = 25) Identification Screening Included Studies included through reference list (n = 3) 1 additional article after search update Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram of study selection
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