26 Chapter 2 of CABG or PCI. All patient-reported adverse events were verified by evaluating hospital records or contacting the treating general practitioner or cardiologist. Definition of different endotypes of CCS Patients were classified into different endotype groups of CCS based upon i) their dichotomized FFR and CFR values, and ii) whether revascularization was performed. First, the undergoing revascularization group (‘Revasc.’ group) consisted of those vessels where revascularization was performed, regardless of the accompanying pre-PCI physiology values. Second, the hemodynamically significant obstructive CAD group (‘oCAD’ group) consisted of those vessels where FFR was ≤0.80, but no revascularization was performed. Third, the non-obstructive coronary artery disease with coronary microvascular dysfunction group (‘CMD’ group) consisted of those vessels where FFR was >0.80 and CFR was ≤2.5. Fourth, the non-obstructive coronary artery disease without CMD group (‘Normal’) group consisted of vessels where FFR was >0.80 and CFR was >2.5.15 Statistical analyses Descriptive data were analyzed on a per-patient basis for clinical characteristics, and on a per-vessel basis for all other calculations. Independence was assumed for vessellevel analyses. Normality of the distribution was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk statistic. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD or median [first quartile – third quartile], and were compared using the Student t-test or Mann–Whitney U test depending on whether data was distributed normally. Categorical variables were presented as number (%) and were compared using Pearson’s chi-square test. For the vessel level analyses, robust linear and logistic regressions with Huber-White robust standard errors were used to adjust for clustering of vessels within patients, where appropriate. Event rates over time were presented using the Kaplan-Meier method. To compare the risk of the occurrence of adverse events between groups, multivariable (marginal) Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). All clinical characteristics were considered as co-variates in univariate Cox regression analysis, where variable significantly associated with TVF (p for inclusion <0.1) were used to adjust for confounding. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 14.1 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas). A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Patient population Of the 2322 patients included in the ILIAS Registry, 1836 patients (2335 vessels) fulfilled study inclusion- and exclusion criteria. The study population included 477 women (26.0%), with a mean age of 65.7 ± 10.2 years, and 1359 men (74.0%) with a mean age of 63.3 ± 10.2 years (p < 0.01). Full baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1.
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