96 Chapter 2 Appendix D – Overview of literature regarding the historical trends and drivers (Continued) Number Authors Year Title Trend in blood demand Driver: Cost 100 Yoshihara, H. Y., D. 2014 National trends in the utilization of blood transfusions in total hip and knee arthroplasty Overall transfusion rates remained consistent 101 Yoshihara, H. Y., D. 2014 Trends in the utilization of blood transfusions in spinal fusion in the United States from 2000 to 2009 Increased (for allogeneic transfusions, close to being signficant); consistent demand 102 Yu, J. M. S., S. S.; Cuellar, S. 2011 Transfusions increase with nationally driven reimbursement changes of erythropoiesis stimulating agents for chemotherapy-induced anemia Increased 103 Zarychanski, R. A., R. E.; Paunovic, B.; Bell, D. D. 2009 Historical perspectives in critical care medicine: blood transfusion, intravenous fluids, inotropes/ vasopressors, and antibiotics No specific trend, but historical overview in critical care x 104 Zheng, Y. L., C.; Wei, S.; Li, Y.; Long, L.; Yin, P. 2014 Association of red blood cell transfusion and in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis No trend found; inconclusive evidence about whether RBC transfusions are harmful to ICU patients
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