328 chapter 4 Table 17. Secondary outcomes for nodules >10 mm (n=128): HRQoL and societal costs [18F]FDG-PET/CT-driven group (n=91) diagnostic surgery group (n=41) p mean difference (95% CI) HRQoL Mean one-year QALYs from EQ-5D-5L (95% CI) 0.791 (0.746 - 0.835) 0.718 (0.652 - 0.785) 0.10a 0.072 (-0.014 - +0.158)a Adjusted mean one-year QALYs from EQ-5D-5L (95% CI) 0.791 (0.751 - 0.832) 0.717 (0.639 - 0.794) 0.09b 0.075 (-0.012 - +0.161)b Societal costs Mean one-year societal costs (95% CI) €15,800 (+€12,900 - +€18,800) €19,600 (+€14,900 - +€24,200) 0.22a -€3,700 (-€9,700 - +€2,200)a Adjusted mean one-year societal costs (95% CI) €15,100 (+€12,800 - €17,300) €21,300 (+€16,300 - €26,300) 0.02b -€6,200 (-€11,500 - -€900)b CI=confidence interval. HRQoL=health-related quality of life. QALYs=quality-adjusted life years. a: independent samples t-test with unequal variances. b: generalized linear model, adjusted analysis for stratifying variables and malignancy/borderline rate based on the local histopathological diagnosis.
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