309 [18F]FDG-PET/CT to prevent futile surgery: a blinded, randomised controlled multicentre trial 4 Table 3. Baseline characteristics of the study population and [18F]FDG-PET/CT parameters [18F]FDG-PET/CTdriven group diagnostic surgery group n n=91 n=41 Femalea 132 73 (80%) 34 (83%) Mean age in years ± SDa 132 54.3 ± 14.6 54.5 ± 11.6 Complaints of thyroid nodule Painless swelling in the neck 132 55 (60%) 27 (66%) Incidental finding on imaging 132 24 (26%) 6 (15%) Growth of known nodule 132 3 (3%) 7 (17%) Hoarseness 132 3 (3%) 5 (12%) Dyspnoea or pressure on trachea 132 11 (12%) 8 (20%) Dysphagia 132 11 (12%) 12 (29%) Fatigue 132 2 (2%) 1 (2%) Fear of malignancy 132 2 (2%) 1 (2%) Cosmetic complaints 132 2 (2%) 0 (0%) No complaints 132 11 (12%) 4 (10%) Physical examination Palpable thyroid nodule 127 72 (81%) 32 (84%) Thyroid function 125 Median TSH, mU/L (IQR)b 125 1.65 (1.20-2.35) 1.54 (0.94-2.40) Median fT4, pmol/L (IQR)c 94 15.0 (13.3-16.7) 14.3 (13.0-15.7) Ultrasound characteristics 132 Solitary nodule 132 64 (70%) 29 (71%) Multinodular disease 132 27 (30%) 12 (29%) Median size, mm (IQR)a 132 36 (23-45) 31 (22-39) Suspicious characteristicsd 132 36 (40%) 19 (46%) Solid hypoechoic nodule 23 (25%) 15 (37%) Taller-than-wide shape 0 (0%) 1 (2%) Irregular margins 7 (8%) 2 (5%) Microcalcifications 12 (13%) 4 (10%) Cytologya 132 Bethesda III 60 40 (44%) 20 (49%) Bethesda IV 72 51 (56%) 21 (51%) FN/SFN 41 28 (31%) 13 (32%) HCN/SHCN 31 23 (25%) 8 (20%) [18F]FDG-PET/CT [18F]FDG-positive 132 65 (71%) 26 (63%) Median SUVmax of the nodule, g/cm3 (IQR) 132 4.0 (2.8-10.6) 3.7 (2.3-8.2) Median SUVpeak of the nodule, g/cm3 (IQR) 132 3.4 (2.3-8.4) 2.9 (1.9-5.9) Median SUVmax of thyroid background, g/cm3 (IQR) 132 1.9 (1.7-2.5) 2.0 (1.7-2.5) Median SUVmax ratio (IQR) 132 2.3 (1.3-6.2) 1.8 (1.1-3.9) Median SUVpeak ratio (IQR) 132 1.9 (1.1-4.8) 1.4 (0.9-2.7)
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