181 English summary impact on the process of recovery; only psychological treatment is experienced as beneficial throughout. Besides the study at Mentrum, we also used data of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) study to investigate whether factors associated with personal recovery in patients with non-affective psychosis, unaffected siblings and healthy controls were similar. The main finding here was that determinants related to resilience, i.e. positive self-image and pro-active coping, were linked to personal recovery in all three groups. Social functioning significantly contributed to explained variance of personal recovery in patients and siblings. Lastly, we studied the views of persons with severe mental illness, family and mental health professionals on collaboration during recovery. Perspectives on recovery showed to differ substantially, but all respondents found establishing unconditional and meaningful contact important. We conclude that the findings of the research in this thesis support the idea that recovery transcends illness in two ways: 1. Personal recovery seems to occur largely independent of clinical remission of symptoms, especially of psychotic symptoms. 2. Personal recovery is associated with resilience and social functioning; factors that are universally human and suit us all. For clinical practice this means that focusing on symptom reduction is not the necessary or only road to personal recovery. Furthermore, when treating symptoms, it is important, also in patients with a psychotic disorder, that there is enough attention to affective, i.e. depression and anxiety, symptoms. How to support personal recovery as a mental healthcare professional is not an easy question to answer. A personalized approach, using the experiences and needs of a specific patient, is vital in recovery-oriented care. The experience and opinion of patients may learn professionals to be more aware of: communicating a diagnosis with a hopeful narrative; developing personalized medication strategies; post hoc reflection on the use of hospitalization and restraints; and offering psychological treatment, also to patients with more severe mental illness. The finding that patients and nonpatients share supportive factors of personal recovery, shows people have similar ways to overcome difficulties in life. This may suggest opportunities that carers, as well as professionals, can use their own experiences with coping to reach mutual understanding and help patients to recover. Within the triad of patient, family and professional, diverging perspectives on recovery need to be acknowledged. Dialogue and alignment between the parties is crucial.
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