64 Chapter 3 and their equivalents: (1) terms related to the age group of the patients at the moment of surgery (e.g. infantile patients); (2) terms related to the location of surgery (e.g. abdominal surgery); (3) terms related to congenital abdominal anomalies (e.g. gastroschisis); (4) terms related to post-operative complications (e.g. adhesive ileus). Mesh and search terms used in Pubmed are included in Appendix 1. Primary and secondary outcomes The primary endpoint was the pooled percentage of the three forms of ileus. We separately reviewed anastomotic stenosis within a month and after one month. Secondary endpoint was the pooled percentage per birth defect. Terms included in paralytic ileus are: ileus (not related to anastomotic stricture) and postoperative ileus. Terms that only implied feeding problems without specifying the reason were not included. Terms included in adhesive small bowel obstruction are: intestinal obstruction, small bowel obstruction, adhesive ileus and stricture (not related to anastomosis). No additional terms or definitions were used for anastomotic stenosis; each article that specifically stated anastomotic stenosis was included. The early anastomotic stenosis, occurring within one month, were excluded for the analysis into late onset anastomotic stenosis. For each complication separately, a Forest plot was created containing the estimated overall pooled proportion and the corresponding 95%-CIs. In each Forest plot, we also reported the pooled proportion and CIs per disease if; (1) at least three studies reported the specific complication in the disease or (2) if the total number of patients with the disease was ≥ 100 combined; (3) there was at least one event of a complication present in all studies on a specific disease combined. Birth defects that did not meet these criteria were present in the overall pooled proportion and reported as residuals. Follow-up was reported when relevant. For all studies with multiple arms, data of both trial-arms were combined. If only one arm matched the inclusion criteria, the appropriate arm was used. Additionally extracted parameters were: author, country of conduct, year of publication, journal, study design, duration of follow-up, number of participants and type of birth defect. Data extraction Titles and abstracts were screened to exclude nonrelated publications. Screening was done by two independent authors (LES,DN) using Rayyan. Disagreements were resolved by discussion between the two reviewers. If no consensus could be reached, a third specialist author was consulted (JD, GM). Then, the full texts of the remaining articles
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