Neonatal admission after lithium use in pregnant women with bipolar disorders 107 Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using R Studio version 4.0.4 (www.rstudio.com). For normally distributed continuous baseline characteristics, means and standard deviations were calculated with T-tests to assess differences between groups. Categorical and dichotomous variables were presented with numbers and percentages per category and Chi2 tests were performed to assess differences. The primary outcome (re)admission to a neonatal ward with monitoring was compared between groups using a Chi2 test and additional logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for psychotropic medications other than lithium as a dichotomous variable. Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval and p-values were reported. Results Out of 32,705 birth registration records, we identified 970 records of women with the term ‘bipolar disorder’ in their electronic files, of which 119 women met inclusion criteria and were evaluated in-depth. Subsequently, 26 women were excluded because of unclear diagnosis of BD (n = 3) and missing data on maternal, delivery and neonatal outcomes (n = 23). A total of 117 liveborn neonates were included, born to 93 women. See Table 5.1 for maternal and pregnancy characteristics. Two women were diagnosed with BD in the postpartum period, 91 women were diagnosed before or during pregnancy. Some women had several pregnancies. Fortytwo neonates were exposed to lithium during pregnancy and 75 were not. Thirty-nine lithium-exposed neonates (93%) were already exposed to lithium from the first trimester onwards. Of the 42 women in the lithium exposed group, 41 women used lithium during pregnancy until delivery and continued lithium use in the first 28 days postpartum. One woman caesed lithium in the first trimester of pregnancy. Type of lithium was unknown in five women and the other 37 women used a form of lithium carbonate with dosages between 400 and 2400 mg a day (see Table 5.1).
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