42 INTERVENTION EFFECTIVENESS AND STRATEGIES Table 2.3 summarizes the approach and main results of the six included intervention studies, of which five were led in dialysis or transplant patients. Since the study quality was often low, we only retrieved weak evidence for intervention effectiveness. The interventions targeted multiple mediating factors, and were able to improve knowledge[75–78], decision making[76,77] and self-care behaviors[78,79], also specifically in patients with LHL[76,79,80]. The interventions mainly used digital, visual strategies [76,77,79–81] and targeted patients. Specific interventions targeting professionals were absent. The interventions aimed to educate and teach skills[75–77,79–81], especially to support treatment decision-making[76,77,79,81]. Two interventions on lifestyle[79] and sun-cancer protection[80] also aimed to support behavioral change. One study showed that implementation of a decision-making tool into consultations also strengthened professional support[76]. Several interventions had strategies of customization to the context, for example by adapting the content to individual clinical information[76,77] or cultural background[80]. Co-development by patients and professionals proved effective in improving comprehensibility, content, and satisfaction with the interventions[75,77,81].
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