86 Chapter 5 Livestock-associated MRSA was defined based on the Spa-type. The Spa-types t011, t034, t108, t567, t571, t588, t753, t779, t898, t899, t943, t1184, t1197, t1254, t1255, t1451, t1456, t1457, t2123, t2287, t2329, t2330, t2383, t2582, t2748, t2971, t2974, t3013, t3014, t3053, t3146, and t3208 were considered to be associated with livestock [12]. All other Spa-types were considered to be not associated with livestock. Statistical analysis Data are presented as percentages or proportions for categorical variables and as medians plus interquartile range (IQR) for continuous variables. Univariate analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test. As this study has an explorative character, no adjustment for multiple testing was done. Results During the study period, 181 patients visited the MRSA outpatient clinic. WGS was performed in 56/181 (31%) patients and these were included in the study (Fig. 1). As shown in Figure 1, there were 12 patients with treatment failure (i.e., one in the uncomplicated carriage group and eleven in the complicated carriage group). All other patients (44) were MRSA negative at the end of follow-up and were defined as successfully decolonized (three in the uncomplicated carriage group, eight with MRSA infection without subsequent carriage, ten with spontaneous decolonization and 23 with successful treatment of complicated carriage). Patient and treatment characteristics of these two groups are depicted in Table 1. In the failure group, one patient out of twelve (8%) had uncomplicated carriage and 11/12 (92%) patients had complicated carriage. The successful decolonization group existed of 33/44 (75%) patients with complicated carriage, 3/44 (7%) patients with uncomplicated carriage, and 8/44 (18%) patients with MRSA infection, without subsequent carriage. Twentysix out of 44 (59%) patients successfully underwent eradication treatment, in 10/44 (23%) patients colonization resolved spontaneously and 8/44 (18%) were treated for an MRSA infection, without subsequent eradication treatment. Of all 34 patients who underwent eradication treatment for complicated MRSA carriage, 11/34 (32%) had treatment failure. No significant differences in treatment characteristics were found between patients with treatment success and treatment failure (Table 1).
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