198 Chapter 9 Medical management Women were less likely to undergo transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as compared with men (495/1430 [35%] vs. 802/ 1952 [41%], p < 0.001). There was no difference in transthoracic echocardiography use between sexes. Women received shorter durations of antimicrobial treatment (median 24 [IQR 14-42] vs. 28 [IQR 14-45] days, p 0.005) compared with men (Table 1 and Fig. S3). The main antibiotic regimen was similar in women and men with MRSA bacteraemia but differed significantly in MSSA bacteraemia. Male patients with MSSA bacteraemia were more often treated with cefazolin or an anti-staphylococcal penicillin, whereas female patients with MSSA bacteraemia were more often treated with other non-first-choice antibiotic regimens (p < 0.006, Table 2). Table 2. Main antibiotic regimen for patients with MRSA and MSSA bacteraemia stratified by sex Main antibiotic regimen All patients Female patients Male patients p-value a MRSA bacteremia, n (%) n = 1498 n = 679 n = 819 0.29 Vancomycin 1332 (88.9) 595 (87.6) 737 (90.0) Daptomycin 69 (4.6) 33 (4.9) 36 (4.4) Otherb 97 (6.5) 51 (7.5) 46 (5.6) MSSA bacteremia, n (%) n = 1746 n = 689 n = 1057 0.006 Cefazolin 842 (48.2) 318 (46.2) 524 (49.6) Anti-staphylococcal penicillin 380 (21.8) 135 (19.6) 245 (23.2) Otherb 524 (30.0) 236 (34.3) 288 (27.2) Values are counts (%). Data were missing in <3%. MRSA, methicillin-resistant S aureus; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible S aureus. a Pearson Chi-Square tests were used for the analyses. b Other antibiotics used in MSSA bacteraemia were mainly vancomycin, ceftriaxone and daptomycin. Other antibiotics used in MRSA bacteraemia were mainly linezolid.
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