Inflammatory profiles are associated with long COVID up to 6 months after illness onset: A prospective cohort study of patients with mild to critical COVID-19 7 213 RESULTS Study population, PASC status and lung function (diffusion capacity) Of 349 RECoVERED participants, 186 (53.3%) had at least two serum sampling moments and were included in the present study. Included participants were more likely to be male and have initially mild COVID-19 (Supplementary Table S1). 101/186 (54%; 45/101[45%] female, median age 55 years [IQR=45-64]) included participants reported PASC at 12 weeks after illness onset (Table 1), of whom none recovered or were lost to follow-up between weeks 12 and 24. A subgroup (72/186; 38.7%) of participants had a diffusion capacity at 6 months after illness onset. Among the 22/72 who exhibited impaired diffusion capacity, more than half (12/22; 54.5%) also reported PASC at 6 months (p=0.031). We included reference samples from 37 individuals with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (median (IQR) age 49 years [IQR = 39.5-55.5]; 17/37 [45,9%] female). Seven (18.9%) reference samples were collected within 6 months after a primary COVID-19 vaccination series.
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