Elke Wynberg

Chapter 5 144 COVID-19 clinical severity groups defined as: mild as having a RR<20/min and SpO2 on room air >94% at both day 0 and 7; moderate disease as having a RR 20-30/min, SpO2 90-94% and/or receiving oxygen therapy at day 0 or 7; severe disease as having a RR>30/min or SpO2 < 90% at day 0 or 7; critical disease as requiring ICU admission. † Normal BMI group includes 3 individuals with BMI between 18.0 and 18.5 kg/m2. * Migration background was based on country of birth of participant and that of their parents and included first and second generation migrants. ** Other work situation includes: Unemployed, receiving welfare or benefits, homemaker, student. *** COVID-related comorbidities are based on WHO Clinical Management Guidelines [16] and include: cardiovascular disease (including hypertension), chronic pulmonary disease (excluding asthma), renal disease, liver disease, cancer, immunosuppression (excluding HIV, including previous organ transplantation), previous psychiatric illness and dementia. **** Physical measurements at D0 and D7 study visits. Oxygen saturation measured on room air if possible or retrieved from ambulance records for hospitalised participants admitted on oxygen on day of enrolment. ¥ Highest baseline anxiety and sadness scores defined as the highest reported level of anxiety or sadness at D0 and D7 (baseline), subjectively reported on a scale from 0 to 10. ‡ Acute presence of a symptom defined as reporting it during the first two weeks after overall illness onset. ¶ LTFU defined as active withdrawal from the study or two consecutive no-show appointments despite three attempts to establish contact. Severe fatigue and paid employment The occurrence of severe fatigue among participants with mild, moderate and severe/ critical disease who completed the SFQ was 39.7% (95%CI 29.2-51.3), 63.7% (95%CI 54.0-72.5) and 62.2% (95%CI 45.7-76.2) one month after illness onset, respectively; this decreased to 24.7% (95%CI 16.1-35.8), 42.7% (95%CI 34.3-51.6) and 45.9% (95%CI 33.8-58.5) by three months after illness onset (Figure 1). One year after illness onset, approximately one-fifth of those with mild or moderate disease had severe fatigue (17.4% [95%CI 6.7-38.3] and 21.6% [95%CI 11.2-37.7]), respectively) compared to 44.8% [95%CI 28.0-62.9]) of those with severe/critical disease.

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