Nine de Planque

117 Cortical Thickness | Crouzon Figure 1. β-coefficients with 95% confidence intervals associated with occipital cranial vault expansion extracted from linear mixed models of each lobe as well as globally. Synostosis Pattern Of the 34 patients, 14 suffered from pansynostosis, 7 had bicoronal involvement, 6 had bilambdoid involvement, 4 had isolated sagittal synostosis, and 3 had additional combinations involving multiple sutures. Cohen’s d effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals for independent involvement of 5 major sutures are shown in Table 3 along with demographic data for each subgroup. Homogeneity of variance was found to be adequate in each subgroup, as assessed by Levene’s test for age (left coronal P = 0.49; right coronal P = 0.57; sagittal P = 0.19; left lambdoid P = 0.89; right lambdoid P = 0.77) and χ2 test for sex (left coronal P = 0.68; right coronal P = 0.64; sagittal P = 0.63; left lambdoid P = 0.98; right lambdoid P = 0.98). For matched syn-ostosis pattern to underlying cortical thickness, the largest effect was observed between coronal sutures and the frontal cortex, with left coronal synostosis yielding an effect size of d = −0.56 (95% CI −1.4 to –0.27) and d = −0.65 (95% CI −1.49 to –0.19) and right coronal synostosis yielding d = −0.31 (95% CI −1.22 to –0.61) and d = −0.42 (95% CI −1.34 to –0.50) for left and right frontal lobes, respectively. The overall largest effect sizes were observed between lambdoid suture involvement and the cingulate cortex, with left lambdoid synostosis corresponding to d = −0.87 (95% CI −1.65 to –0.10) and d = −1.00 (95% CI −1.78 to –-0.21) and right lambdoid synostosis corresponding to d = −1.23 (95% CI −2.08 to –0.38) and d = −1.05 (95% CI −1.88 to –-0.22) for left and right cingulate cortices respectively. These effects are demonstrated in Figure 2. 7

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