84 CHAPTER 2.2 Table SI1.1. Continued. STOPP Action Clarity rating Condition Clarity rating Explanation Clarity rating D7 Anticholinergics/antimuscarinics 17% to treat extra-pyramidal side-effects of neuroleptic medications 50% (risk of anticholinergic toxicity), 50% D8 Anticholinergics/antimuscarinics 17% in patients with delirium or dementia 33% (risk of exacerbation of cognitive impairment). 75% D9 Neuroleptic antipsychotic 25% in patients with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) unless symptoms are severe and other non-pharmacological treatments have failed 33% (increased risk of stroke). 33% D10 Neuroleptics 33% as hypnotics, unless sleep disorder is due to psychosis or dementia 33% (risk of confusion, hypotension, extra-pyramidal side effects, falls). 67% D11 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 67% with a known history of persistent bradycardia (< 60 beats/min.), heart block or recurrent unexplained syncope or concurrent treatment with drugs that reduce heart rate such as beta-blockers, digoxin, diltiazem, verapamil 50% (risk of cardiac conduction failure, syncope and injury). 92%
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