121 DXA, ADP & SFT in preterm infants 6 Table 1. Baseline characteristics Total n = 65 Male n = 35 Female n = 30 p-valuea Characteristics at birth Gestational age (weeks), mean + SD 29.0 + 1.6 29.3 + 1.6 28.7 + 1.6 0.132 Race, n (%) White Non-white 52 (80.0) 13 (20.0) 27 (77.1) 8 (22.9) 25 (83.3) 5 (16.7) 0.534 Birth weight (grams), mean + SD 1170 + 316 1347 + 295 1108 + 293 0.002 Birth length (cm), mean + SD 37.0 + 3.2 38.6 + 3.0 36.3 + 3.0 0.004 Birth head circ. (cm), mean + SD 26.3 + 2.2 27.4 + 2.3 26.1 + 1.9 0.016 Birth weight SDS, median (IQR) 0.2 (-0.3 – 0.6) 0.3 (-0.1 – 0.9) -0.1 (-0.4 – 0.5) 0.065 Birth length SDS, median (IQR) 0.3 (-0.5 – 0.6) 0.3 (-0.3 – 0.6) 0.1 (-0.6 – 0.5) 0.229 Birth head circ. SDS, median (IQR) 0.4 (-0.2 – 1.0) 0.3 (-0.2 – 1.2) 0.4 (-0.3 – 1.0) 0.246 Small for gestational age ( < p10), n (%) 3 (4.6) 1 (2.9) 2 (6.7) 0.782 Characteristics at term age visit PMA at term age visit (weeks), mean + SD 43.8 + 1.9 43.8 + 2.1 43.8 + 1.6 0.962 Weight at term age visit (grams), mean + SD 4078 + 662 4320 + 683 3795 + 517 0.001 Length at term age visit (cm), mean + SD 52.8 + 2.7 53.9 + 2.4 51.5 + 2.5 0.000 Head circ. at term age visit (cm), mean + SD 37.4 + 1.6 37.8 + 1.6 37.0 + 1.4 0.040 Weight SDS at term age visit, median (IQR) -0.5 (-1.3 – 0.1) -0.2 (-1.1 – 0.3) -0.7 (-1.5 – 0.0) 0.104 Length SDS at term age visit, median (IQR) -0.4 (-1.1 – 0.1) -0.2 (-0.7 – 0.3) -1.0 (-1.7 – -0.2) 0.003 Head circ. SDS at term age visit, median (IQR) 0.5 (-0.1 – 1.3) 0.7 (0.0 – 1.6) 0.3 (-0.1 – 1.2) 0.272 Postnatal growth restrictionb, n (%) 18 (27.7) 7 (20.0) 11 (36.7) 0.134 Type of nutrition Human milk Formula 29 (44.6) 36 (55.4) 18 (51.4) 17 (48.6) 11 (36.7) 19 (63.3) a: p-value for females compared to males based on t-test for normal distributions, Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric variables and Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. b: Postnatal growth restriction was assumed if, at 36 weeks postmenstrual age, there was a decrease in weight z-score of more than 1 SD compared to the birth weight z-score. IQR: interquartile range, PMA: postmenstrual age, SD: standard deviation, SDS: standard deviation score
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