Maarten van Egmond

48 Chapter 3 Table 1. Patient characteristics Characteristics T1 (N = 155) T2 (N = 155) Sex (Male) 122 (78.7) 122 (78.7 ASA-classification I 33 (21.3) II 98 (63.2) III 24 (15.5) Age (years), mean (SD) 62.7 (8.8) 63.5 (9.3) BMI, mean (SD) 26.2(4.3) 26.4 (4.0) Comorbidities Cardiovascular 29 (18.7) 29 (18.7) COPD 11 (7.1) 11 (7.1) DM II 10 (6.5) 10 (6.5) Cigarette smoking (yes) 40 (25.8) 40 (25.8) Pulmonary function (percentage of predicted), mean (SD) FVC 114.4 (16.6) 114.4 (16.6) FEV 1 107.3(19.0) 107.4 (19.0) IVC 110.4 (16.3) 110.4(16.3) Surgical procedure Transhiatal open 6 (3.9) Transhiatal minimally invasive 13 (8.4) Transthoracal open 20 (12.9) Transthoracal minimally invasive 112 (72.3) Clavien-Dindo postoperative complications I 19 (12.1) II 22 (14.0) IIIa 17 (10.8) IIIb 7 (4.5) IVa 14 (8.9) !Vb 4 (2.5) V 5 (3.2) Characteristics of patients measured at different time points and patients who were lost to follow-up at T3 and T4. * With percentages in parentheses unless indicated otherwise. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; I: healthy person, II: mild systemic disease, III: severe systemic disease; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM II, diabetes mellitus type 2; FVC, functional vital capacity; FEV 1 , forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration; IVC, inspiratory vital capacity; LtFU, Loss to follow up.