35 Conceptualization and Measurement of Proactive Vitality Management own (fluctuating) need for such resources. Therefore, self-insight, i.e. the understanding of one’s own feelings, thoughts, and behavior (Grant, Franklin, & Langford, 2002) may increase the likelihood of (effective) PVM. Hypothesis 1: Proactive vitality management is positively related to (a) proactive personality, and (b) self-insight. To further establish convergent validity, we examine whether theoretically associated constructs are indeed empirically related to (but can still be differentiated from) PVM. People who proactively manage their vitality for work may be more motivated to also engage in other proactive behavior at work. Job crafting refers to proactively changing aspects of one’s work to improve person-job fit (Tims et al., 2014; Wrzesniewski & Dutton, 2001), and is a way to increase meaningfulness and work engagement by mobilizing job resources and challenging job demands (Tims, Derks & Bakker, 2016). Job crafting and proactive vitality management are conceptually related because they share the proactive strategy of optimizing employees’ experiences. However, job crafting strategies are inherently work related and focused on (changing) the job or work environment. In contrast, PVM captures behaviors aimed to maintain or boost physical and mental energy that may or may not be work related, even though the goal is to promote optimal functioning at work (e.g., eat healthy). In addition, we propose that proactive vitality management is conceptually related to, but can be differentiated from, relaxation after work (i.e., a recovery experience; Sonnentag & Fritz, 2007). Relaxation after work involves a state of low activation, which may help to replenish empty reserves of energy at home to recover from strain. In contrast, PVM involves proactive and goal-directed behavior aimed at empowering oneself to perform well at work. However, both concepts are, in their own way, concerned with (levels of) physical energy. Moreover, while PVMmay involve numerous other types of activities (e.g., eating healthy, working in a quite zone, personal pep talks, etc.), proactively undertaking relaxing activities to prepare for work may at times be seen as a form or part of PVM as well. Hypothesis 2: Proactive vitality management is positively related to (a) job crafting (increasing job resources and challenges), and (b) relaxation. 2
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk4NDMw