121 Creating A Creative State of Mind Measures Proactive vitality management. We measured daily proactive vitality management with the same instructions and items as in Study 1. The average Cronbach’s alpha over the five days was .89. Mindfulness. We measured state mindfulness with the same scale as in Study 1, this time using the German version of the scale (Michalak et al., 2008). The average Cronbach’s alpha over the five days was .90. Creative work performance. Supervisors of the participants assessed daily creative work performance with five items from the creativity scale of Tierney et al. (1999), adjusted to the daily level. Four items were dropped from the original scale because they either were not applicable to the work tasks of the participants in the current sample or did not capture creative behavior that occurs every day (e.g., “generated ideas revolutionary to our field”). Examples of the items that were used in the study are: “Today, this employee tried out new ideas and approaches to problems” and “Today, this employee generated novel, but operable work-related ideas” (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). The average Cronbach’s alpha over the five days was .83. Control variables. We included workload and job autonomy into our investigation as control variables, as both these job characteristics have been shown to predict creativity (e.g., Binnewies & Wörnlein, 2011; Ohly & Fritz, 2010). In addition, higher levels of job autonomy may provide an individual with more opportunities to engage in preferential strategies of proactive vitality management on a daily basis. Moreover, individuals may use proactive vitality management on a daily basis to deal with higher levels of workload. Furthermore, daily workload may impact daily levels of creative work performance. Working in the creative industry may require one to perform creatively in general (i.e., general creativity requirement, Unsworth et al., 2005), but daily fluctuations in workload may represent the relative necessity to display creativity on particular days (i.e., daily creativity requirement). We measured job autonomy and workload on a daily basis using three items for each variable developed by Bakker et al. (2004), based on Karasek’s (1985) job content instrument. An example item for job autonomy is “Today, I could decide by myself how to execute my work” (1 = totally disagree, 5 = totally agree). The average Cronbach’s alpha for job autonomy was .86. An 5
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